Awakening The Senses

Come now: watch with every palm

how each single thing becomes apparent.

Don’t hold anything you see as any more of an assurance

than whatever you hear, or give those loud sounds

you happen to be hearing preference

over the sharp tastes on your tongue.

And don’t reject the assurance provided by any other limb

that offers some passage for perception, but

perceive how each single thing becomes apparent.[1]

It's not easy to understand this poem of Empedocles in a world where the constant misuse of the senses and the bombardment of data are so habitual. We may even believe that we perceive through the senses, but suffice to observe ourselves a little to realise we spend most of the time in the head, imagining how things are, how they will or should be.

Great teachers remind us that the possibility of being fully human can only be actualised with the practice of common sense (koinê aísthêsis, sensus comunis). But what is common sense? Today it is synonymous of being prudent, of following what is socially accepted. Curiously, those meanings are quite opposite to the original one.

The root of the misunderstanding probably started with Plato, for whom the senses were not a way to the truth, since these only show changing perceptions. All got even worse when Aristotle and his book On The Soul, where he assumes that "every time we look at a tree, we know we're looking at it, that every time we're thinking, we know we're thinking", because –as he says– every "biped animal" has common sense, a quality that resides in the heart and unites all the senses to give a coherent perception of reality. This blind assumption was later perpetuated when Kant used the idea of a sensus communis to justify humans perceive reality in the same way. Western thinkers have fallen in may intellectual traps since Plato.

There is indeed a discerning awareness that unites all the senses, including the mind and the heart. Pre-Socratic teachers also used to call it noûs, pure consciousness. Nevertheless, this quality is missing in our life, since it does not work through us if we don't become actively receptive.

The truth is that in ordinary conditions we wander asleep, perceiving through the murky screen of the mind, bypassing reality.

For more reflections on the subject see the link:

http://www.peterkingsley.org/cw3/Admin/images/CommonSense.pdf

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[1] Translated by Peter Kingsley, quoted in the book Reality.

Superficial Life

Palms—so narrow and closed in—have been

poured over people’s limbs. But countless

worthless things keep crashing in, blunting their

cares. During their lifetimes they see such a

little part of life and then they are off:

short-lived, flying up and away like smoke,

totally persuaded by whatever each of them

happened to bump into while being driven

one way, another way, all over the place. And they

claim in vain that they have found the whole.

Like this, there is no way that people can see or

hear or consciously grasp the things I have to teach.

But as for you: because you have come aside here, you will learn.

Mortal resourcefulness can manage no more [1]

These were preparatory words a great Greek master wrote for his disciple Pausanias. His name was Empedocles (490–430 BC) and he belonged to the Pythagorean tradition. His teaching, always expressed in poetry, embraced psychology, cosmology, biology, astronomy, medicine and chemistry, contributing to the inception of the modern science, and consequently, the modern world. But unlike contemporary thinkers and scientists, he understood humans are asleep, that a special attitude and perception are required to live lucidly...What Empedocles had to say about that will be the theme of the next post.

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[1] Translation by Peter Kingsley, quoted in the book Reality.